Review petition
• Under Article 137 of the Constitution, the Supreme Court has the power to review any of its judgments or orders.
• As per the Civil Procedure Code and the Supreme Court Rules, any person aggrieved by a ruling can seek a review. This implies that it is not necessary that only parties to a case can seek a review of the judgment.
• A Review Petition has to be filed within 30 days of the date of judgment or order.
Contempt of Court Act, 1971
• The act defines the power of courts to punish for their contempt and regulates their procedure.
• It was amended in 2006 to include the defence of truth under Section 13 of the original legislation.
• Implying that the court must permit justification by truth as a valid defence if it is satisfied that it is in the public interest.
CAG
• Chapter V under Part V of the Indian Constitution deals with the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India (CAG).
• CAG is responsible for auditing the accounts of the Union and State governments and public sector organizations, and for maintaining the accounts of State governments.
• The reports of the CAG are taken into consideration by the Public Accounts Committees.
• CAG enjoys the same status as a judge of the Supreme Court of India.
NDRF
• NDRF carries out rescue and relief operations during natural disasters.
• Head of NDRF is designated as Director General (DG). Usually, an IPS Officer is the head of NDRF.
• The apex body of disaster management is the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA).
• NDRF functions under NDMA. Chairman of NDMA is the Prime Minister.
PMCARES
• The PM CARES fund was established with the objective of helping people affected by COVID-19 pandemic.
• Chairman of the PM-CARES fund is the Prime Minister of India.
• The Prime Minister has the power to nominate members.
• The other members of the PM CARES Fund are the Defence Minister, Home Minister and Finance Minister.
• There are no reports of low liquidity in PM CARES Fund, hence there won’t be constraints in using the funds.
Writ petition
• Writs are a written order from the Supreme Court or High Court that commands constitutional remedies for Indian Citizens against the violation of their fundamental rights.
• Article 32 in the Indian Constitution deals with constitutional remedies that an Indian citizen can seek from the Supreme Court and High Court against the violation of his/her fundamental rights.
• The same article gives the Supreme Court power to issue writs for the enforcement of rights whereas the High Court has the same power under Article 226.
PMNRF
• PMNRF was established by the first Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru.
• The initial purpose of establishing PMNRF (Prime Minister National Relief Fund) was to help the people displaced due to partition of India and Pakistan.
• Chairman of the Prime Minister National Relief Fund (PMNRF) is the Prime Minister of India. Other members are from Tata Trusts, representatives of FICCI, Congress President.
• PMNRF has been attached with all Centre and State-run hospitals and many private hospitals as well.